Everything about Yotvingians totally explained
Yotvingians (;, ) were a
Baltic people with close cultural ties to the Lithuanians and Prussians. The
Yotvingian language (sometimes called
Sudovian) was a Western
Baltic language nearest to
Prussian, but with small variations. Yotvingians lived in the area of
Sudovia and
Dainava; south west from the upper
Neman, between
Marijampolė,
Merkinė (
Lithuania),
Slonim,
Kobrin (
Belarus),
Białystok, and
Ełk (
Poland); today this area corresponds mostly to the northeast of
Poland with Białystok and
Suwałki and a part of
Hrodna Province of Belarus.
Ptolemy in the 2nd century AD called the people
Sudinoi.
A southern part of the Yotvingian lands had been dependant upon the
Kievan Rus, since
Vladimir I of Kiev has defeated them in 983. Since then on, the
Slavicization of
Orthodox Yotvingians accelerated. Netimeras, a ruler of the Yotvingians, was converted to Christianity by
Bruno of Querfurt in 1009.
From the 13th century, Yotvingians began raiding adjacent areas of
Masovia,
Lublin and
Volhynia, after
Konrad I of Masovia and
Daniel of Halych had invaded them. In the
1280s the Northern Yotvingians were partly conquered and dispersed by the
Teutonic Knights; some Yotvingians then took refuge in
Lithuania. Many Sudovians came to live nearer
Regiomontium in the area called the
Sudovian corner, while battles were fought in the wilderness area of Sudovia between Lithuania, Poland and the Teutonic Knights.
Sudovians
Sudovians are an extinct subgroup of
Baltic people, that used to live at the left bank of the River
Nemunas, in the region known as
Sudovia, territory today belonging to Lithuania and Poland.
Another extinct Baltic group, the
Yotvingians is sometimes referred to as Sudovians as well.
Large parts of Prussian Sudovian territory were conquered under the Polish - Lithuanian
Jagiellonian kingdom, and Sudovians were either exterminated, assimilated or took refuge as Protestants in the
Duchy of Prussia.
Further Information
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